BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Each enzyme has a temperature range in which a maximal rate of reaction is achieved. This maximum is known as the temperature optimum of the enzyme. The optimum temperature for most enzymes is about 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius).

Detailed explanation-2: -This optimal temperature is usually around human body temperature (37.5 oC) for the enzymes in human cells. Above this temperature the enzyme structure begins to break down (denature) since at higher temperatures intra-and intermolecular bonds are broken as the enzyme molecules gain even more kinetic energy.

Detailed explanation-3: -As the temperature is increased enzyme activity increases to a maximum value at the optimum temperature (around 37 oC for most human enzymes). As the temperature is increased above the optimum temperature enzyme activity decreases.

Detailed explanation-4: -Optimum temperature is the temperature at which enzyme activity is maximum. In humans, this temperature is 37.5oC that is same as the normal body temperature. A rise in temperature above 40oC results in denaturation of the proteins of enzyme. Thus the correct answer is option A.

Detailed explanation-5: -The optimum temperature in most enzymes is around 37 degrees Celsius. When the temperature increases, however, the enzymatic activity decreases. This is because higher temperatures tend to denature proteins, which in turn causes them to lose their functionality.