BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The three-letter nature of codons means that the four nucleotides found in mRNA-A, U, G, and C-can produce a total of 64 different combinations. Of these 64 codons, 61 represent amino acids, and the remaining three represent stop signals, which trigger the end of protein synthesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -A codon is a sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides that corresponds with a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Universal Genetic Code Each 3-letter DNA sequence, or codon, encodes a specific amino acid. The code has several key features: All protein-coding regions begin with the “start” codon, ATG. There are three “stop” codons that mark the end of the protein-coding region.

Detailed explanation-4: -Thus, the smallest combination of four bases that could encode all 20 amino acids would be a triplet code. However, a triplet code produces 64 (43 = 64) possible combinations, or codons.

Detailed explanation-5: -In genetic code, 61 codons code for 20 different types of amino acids.