BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The most common types of secondary structures are the helix and the pleated sheet. Both structures are held in shape by hydrogen bonds, which form between the carbonyl O of one amino acid and the amino H of another. Images showing hydrogen bonding patterns in beta pleated sheets and alpha helices.

Detailed explanation-2: -The secondary structure arises from the hydrogen bonds formed between atoms of the polypeptide backbone. The hydrogen bonds form between the partially negative oxygen atom and the partially positive nitrogen atom.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hydrogen bonds provide most of the directional interactions that underpin protein folding, protein structure and molecular recognition. The core of most protein structures is composed of secondary structures such as helix and sheet.

Detailed explanation-4: -The secondary structure is determined by hydrogen bonds between the main-chain peptide groups. The tertiary structure is held by multiple types of bonds and forces, including hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, disulfide bridge, ionic bonding, as well as van der Waals forces.

Detailed explanation-5: -Hydrogen bonds are a major feature of protein structure. By a generally accepted definition, they occur whenever a proton is shared by two electronegative atoms.