BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -During translation, these tRNAs carry amino acids to the ribosome and join with their complementary codons. Then, the assembled amino acids are joined together as the ribosome, with its resident rRNAs, moves along the mRNA molecule in a ratchet-like motion.

Detailed explanation-2: -tRNAs (transfer RNAs) carry amino acids to the ribosome. They act as “bridges, ” matching a codon in an mRNA with the amino acid it codes for.

Detailed explanation-3: -The initiator tRNA molecule, carrying the methionine amino acid that will serve as the first amino acid of the polypeptide chain, is bound to the P site on the ribosome. The A site is aligned with the next codon, which will be bound by the anticodon of the next incoming tRNA.

Detailed explanation-4: -Introduction. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are adaptor molecules that translate genetic information into protein sequence by delivering amino acids to the protein synthesis machinery during translation.

Detailed explanation-5: -The match between the mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon determines whether the aa-tRNA advances into the A site, eventually appending its amino acid to the nascent polypeptide chain, or dissociates from the ribosome.