BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -It takes place in the nucleus of a cell. The newly formed mRNA, undergoes processing, and moves out into the cytoplasm through the nuclear pores, to proceed with the next step of protein synthesis, which is translation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Transcription occurs in the nucleus and not in the cytoplasm in eukaryotes because eukaryotes store the DNA in the nucleus. In prokaryotes, there is no nucleus and the DNA is in the cytoplasm. Thus, transcription can occur in the cytoplasm as well. But, in eukaryotes the DNA is in the nucleus.

Detailed explanation-3: -To begin transcribing a gene, RNA polymerase binds to the DNA of the gene at a region called the promoter.

Detailed explanation-4: -Transcription occurs in the nucleus in eukaryotic organisms, while translation occurs in the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum. Both processes occur in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes. The factor controlling these processes is RNA polymerase in transcription and ribosomes in translation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Translation takes place on ribosomes in the cell cytoplasm, where mRNA is read and translated into the string of amino acid chains that make up the synthesized protein.