BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The secondary structure arises from the hydrogen bonds formed between atoms of the polypeptide backbone.

Detailed explanation-2: -Secondary structure refers to regular, recurring arrangements in space of adjacent amino acid residues in a polypeptide chain. It is maintained by hydrogen bonds between amide hydrogens and carbonyl oxygens of the peptide backbone. The major secondary structures are -helices and -structures.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hydrogen bonding is the strongest form of secondary bonding and is formed from the polar nature of molecules containing hydrogen. The hydrogen side of the molecule is more positive than the atom it is bonded to, allowing an attraction to form with the negative end of another molecule.

Detailed explanation-4: -The study has revealed that short hydrogen bonds are commonly found in proteins and are widely present in different regions of the protein chain, such as the backbone or side chain, and in different secondary structural regions such as helices, strands and turns.

Detailed explanation-5: -Furthermore, hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions between the polar, charged amino acids contribute to the tertiary structure.