BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -The overall three-dimensional structure of a polypeptide is called its tertiary structure. The tertiary structure is primarily due to interactions between the R groups of the amino acids that make up the protein.

Detailed explanation-2: -Primarily, the interactions among R groups creates the complex three-dimensional tertiary structure of a protein. The nature of the R groups found in the amino acids involved can counteract the formation of the hydrogen bonds described for standard secondary structures.

Detailed explanation-3: -Thus, the polypeptide backbone of the tertiary structure is stabilized by interactions between the side chains of amino acids, including Van der Waals interactions, ionic connections, disulfide bridges, and hydrogen bonds.

Detailed explanation-4: -Four interactions stabilize the tertiary structure of a protein: (a) ionic bonding, (b) hydrogen bonding, (c) disulfide linkages, and (d) dispersion forces.

Detailed explanation-5: -The “R” groups come from the 20 amino acids which occur in proteins. The peptide chain is known as the backbone, and the “R” groups are known as side chains. Note: In the case where the “R” group comes from the amino acid proline, the pattern is broken.