BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Nitrogen in the reduced form is the major component of the three most important biological macromolecular structures: (i) proteins/polypeptides, (ii) DNA and RNA, and (iii) polymers of amino sugars.

Detailed explanation-2: -Nitrogen is in all amino acids and nucleotides, and therefore in all proteins and nucleic acids. Nitrogen is also a major component of the chitin that makes up the cell walls of fungi and the exoskeletons of aquatic insects and crustaceans.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nucleic acids contain the same elements as proteins: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen; plus phosphorous (C, H, O, N, and P).

Detailed explanation-4: -All the biological macromolecules contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. However, most do not contain nitrogen.

Detailed explanation-5: -The four main classes of organic compounds (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) that are essential to the proper functioning of all living things are known as polymers or macromolecules. All of these compounds are built primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen but in different ratios.