BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Bicarbonate is an alkali so helps to keep the acid-base balance of the body stable. Bicarbonate alongside water, hydrogen, haemoglobin, phosphate and carbon dioxide makes up the buffering system which is required to act quickly if pH changes are detected.

Detailed explanation-2: -As noted above, carbon dioxide is produced as a byproduct of the TCA cycle. This carbon dioxide is instrumental to acid-base balance in the body which is demonstrated with the following reaction: CO2 + H20 <-> H2C03 <-> HCO3-+ H+

Detailed explanation-3: -Sodium-Maintains cellular osmotic pressure, helps in maintaining blood volume and blood pressure and the fluid balance in the body, and regulates the acid-base balance of the body.