BIOMOLECULES AND ENZYMES

Detailed explanation-1: -Prothrombin, FVII, FIX, protein C, and protein S are vitamin K-dependent clotting factors or proteins strictly related to blood coagulation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Vitamin K is a cofactor for the enzymatic conversion of glutamic acid (Glu) residues to gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) in vitamin K-dependent proteins, via the endoplasmic reticulum resident vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vitamin K helps to make various proteins that are needed for blood clotting and the building of bones. Prothrombin is a vitamin K-dependent protein directly involved with blood clotting. Osteocalcin is another protein that requires vitamin K to produce healthy bone tissue.

Detailed explanation-4: -Vitamin K-dependent (VKD) carboxylation is a post-translational modification that converts specific glutamate residues (Glu) to gamma-carboxyglutamate residues (Gla) in VKD proteins.