CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Now the infant can engage in behaviors that others perform and anticipate upcoming events. Perhaps because of continued maturation of the prefrontal cortex, the infant become capable of having a thought and carrying out a planned, goal-directed activity.

Detailed explanation-2: -The fourth substage (from 8 – 12 months) is the stage of co-ordinating secondary schemes. Instead of simply prolonging interesting events, babies now show signs of an ability to use their acquired knowledge to reach a goal.

Detailed explanation-3: -Secondary circular reactions. This substage is characterized by repeated actions involving objects that cause the baby pleasure. An example of this would be when a baby continuously shakes a rattle just to hear the sound of the rattle.

Detailed explanation-4: -Substage Four: New Adaptations and Goal-Directed Behavior (8th through 12th months) Now the infant becomes more deliberate and purposeful in responding to people and objects and can engage in behaviors that others perform and anticipate upcoming events.

Detailed explanation-5: -Infants 8–12 months of age begin to combine schemes into new, more complex action sequences in the coordination of secondary circular reactions. In this substage, they begin exhibiting intentional or goal-directed behavior, and they begin learning to solve simple problems [1, 2, 4].