CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Integrative motivation refers to a favorable attitude toward the target language community, possibly a wish to integrate and adapt to a new target culture through use of the language (Gardner, 1985, p. 54).

Detailed explanation-2: -Motivation refers to the combination of attempt plus desire to obtain the objective of learning the language plus desirable attitudes towards learning the language.

Detailed explanation-3: -Having goals and expectations leads to increased motivation, which in turn leads to a higher level of language competence. We as teachers should encourage students to have specific short-term goals such as communicating with English speakers or reading books in English.

Detailed explanation-4: -1. A type of motivation that is particularly relevant to learning foreign languages, it refers to a learner’s intrinsic orientation or desire to communicate with, be more like, or to join the L2 (second or foreign language) user community.

Detailed explanation-5: -Instrumental motivation is applied to the situation where a learner may need the target language in order to achieve a specific objective. According to Gardner and Lambert (1959), motivation is identified primarily with the learner’s orientation towards the goal of learning a second language.