CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Vicarious learning is a way of learning that allows individuals to learn from the experience of others. It is a conscious process that involves sensing, feeling, and empathizing with what people are doing and taking notes, and evaluating.

Detailed explanation-2: -Vicarious reinforcement occurs when the frequency of certain behaviors increases as a result of observing others rewarded for the same behaviors. Vicarious punishment refers to a decrease in the frequency of certain behaviors as a results of seeing others punished for the same actions.

Detailed explanation-3: -A person learns by observing the consequences of another person’s (i.e., models) behavior, e.g., a younger sister observing an older sister being rewarded for a particular behavior is more likely to repeat that behavior herself. This is known as vicarious reinforcement.

Detailed explanation-4: -3.3 Cognitive Social Learning Theory Specifically, it was proposed that observational learning required four processes: paying attention, being motivated to enact the behavior, having the ability to reproduce the action, and having the ability to remember the behavior (Bandura 1986).