CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The coherence principle is that people learn more deeply from a multimedia message when extraneous material is excluded rather than included. The signaling principle is that people learn more deeply from a multimedia message when cues are added that highlight the organization of the essential material.

Detailed explanation-2: -The first five principles-namely coherence, signaling, redundancy, spatial contiguity, and temporal contiguity-are intended to reduce extraneous processing during the learning process.

Detailed explanation-3: -Example: A learner receives a concise narrated animation (concise group) or the same lesson along with interesting but irrelevant video clips or photos, interesting but irrelevant facts or stories, background music, or specific details (expanded group).

Detailed explanation-4: -The coherence principle refers to the removal of words, audio and graphic that does not support instructional goals. This principle assumes that the learning process is hindered when learners’ working memory is overloaded with seductive details that do not contribute to the learning goals.

Detailed explanation-5: -Abstract. The signaling (or cueing) principle, refers to the finding that multimedia learning materials become more effective when cues are added that guide learners’ attention to the relevant elements of the material or highlight the organization of the material.