CHILD DEVELOPMENT PEDAGOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -While a primary reinforcer is innate, a secondary reinforcer is a stimulus that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer, such as praise, treats, or money. Responding to the secondary reinforcer is a learned behavior, not a born reflex.

Detailed explanation-2: -Secondary (or Conditioned) Reinforcer: a stimulus that gains it reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer (e.g., money).

Detailed explanation-3: -Money, as previously mentioned, is an example of a secondary reinforcer, which acquires its reinforcing properties through its association with primary reinforcers (i.e. money can be used to acquire food).

Detailed explanation-4: -Primary reinforcers are biological. Food, drink, and pleasure are the principal examples of primary reinforcers. But, most human reinforcers are secondary, or conditioned. Examples include money, grades in schools, and tokens.

Detailed explanation-5: -A mother gives her son praise (reinforcing stimulus) for doing homework (behavior). The little boy receives $5.00 (reinforcing stimulus) for every A he earns on his report card (behavior). A father gives his daughter candy (reinforcing stimulus) for cleaning up toys (behavior).