GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD
PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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occurs when an individual’s old response becomes attached to a new stimulus
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learning that occurs as a result of the consequences of behavior
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the gradual disappearance of a conditioned response
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studied salivation responses in dogs
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conditioned an 11-month-old boy to fear laboratory rats
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Detailed explanation-1: -Pavlov had identified a fundamental associative learning process called classical conditioning. Classical conditioning refers to learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus (e.g., a tone) becomes associated with a stimulus (e.g., food) that naturally produces a behaviour.
Detailed explanation-2: -Classical conditioning theory states that behaviors are learned by connecting a neutral stimulus with a positive one, such as Pavlov’s dogs hearing a bell (neutral) and expecting food (positive). The learned behavior is called a conditioned response.
Detailed explanation-3: -In classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus (CS) is a substitute stimulus that triggers the same response in an organism as an unconditioned stimulus. Simply put, a conditioned stimulus makes an organism react to something because it is associated with something else.
Detailed explanation-4: -In classical conditioning, a person or animal learns to associate a neutral stimulus (the conditioned stimulus, or CS) with a stimulus (the unconditioned stimulus, or US) that naturally produces a behaviour (the unconditioned response, or UR).
Detailed explanation-5: -An unconditioned response is an automatic response to a stimulus. The dogs salivating for food is the unconditioned response in Pavlov’s experiment. A conditioned stimulus is a stimulus that can eventually trigger a conditioned response.