GROWTH DEVELOPMENT CHILD
PRINCIPLES OF LEARNING
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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believed that a person’s behavior is the result of rewards and punishments
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something that increases the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated
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argued that learning involved mental processes and could occur without any outward signs of learning
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system in which individuals are paid to act appropriately
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learning that occurs by observing others and following their lead
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Detailed explanation-1: -Reinforcement theory is a psychological principle suggesting that behaviors are shaped by their consequences, and that individual behaviors can be changed through reinforcement, punishment and extinction. Behavioral psychologist B.F. Skinner was instrumental in developing modern ideas about reinforcement theory.
Detailed explanation-2: -Skinner believed that behavior is motivated by the consequences we receive for the behavior: reinforcements and punishments. His idea that learning is the result of consequences is based on the law of effect, which was first proposed by psychologist Edward Thorndike.
Detailed explanation-3: -His research suggested that punishment was an ineffective way of controlling behavior, leading generally to short-term behavior change, but resulting mostly in the subject attempting to avoid the punishing stimulus instead of avoiding the behavior that was causing punishment.
Detailed explanation-4: -Answer and Explanation: The answer is B. Organisms learn from the consequences of their behavior. In operant conditioning, a behavior is either reinforced or encouraged through a series of punishments and reinforcements.
Detailed explanation-5: -B. F. Skinner demonstrated that behavior could be shaped through reinforcement and/or punishment. Skinner noted that a reinforcer is a consequence that increases the likelihood of behavior to recur, while punishment is a consequence that decreases the chance. Positive and negative are used in mathematical terms.