CLINICAL MEDICINE

MEDICINE

CARDIOLOGY

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
A 10-year-old boy comes to your office for an initial visit. He has been in foster care for several years, but is reunited with his mother. He had heart surgery at 2 years of age, but the patient does not have any records from that procedure. As far as his mother knows, he has never been hospitalized for respiratory illnesses such as asthma or pneumonia. He does not take any medications. He has decreased exercise tolerance. On PE, he is a slender boy is no acute distress. His weight is at the 10th percentile for his age, and height is at the 50th percentile. His heart rate is 100 bpm and respiratory rate is 28 breaths/min. Oxygen saturation on room air is 89%. His blood pressure is 96/65 mmHg in the right arm, and his blood pressure is 115/90 mmHg in the right leg. His neck veins are not distended. His chest shows clear and equal breath sounds. There is a well-healed sternotomy scar. His heart examination shows a normal S1 with a very loud P2 component to S2. There is a 2/6 soft systolic murmur at the right midsternal border that does not radiate to either axilla. There is no organomegaly on abdominal examination. The femoral pulses are 2+. His Hg level is 17 g/dL. Diagnosis:
A
Coarctation of the aorta with poor systemic circulation
B
Large residual ventricular septal defect with pulmonary over circulation
C
Moderate-sized patent duct arteriosus with left to right shunt
D
Pulmonary hypertension with Eisenmenger syndrome
E
Pulmonic stenosis with decreased pulmonary blood flow
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Help your body heal properly: Eating a heart-healthy diet, being active, reducing your stress, getting enough sleep and avoiding smoking are all important lifestyle choices that will help you heal and get back to your daily routine.

Detailed explanation-2: -You should have someone stay with you in your home for at least the first 1 to 2 weeks after surgery. Learn how to check your pulse, and check it every day. Do the breathing exercises you learned in the hospital for 4 to 6 weeks. Shower every day, washing the incision gently with soap and water.

Detailed explanation-3: -Most children who have open-heart surgery need to stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) for 2 to 4 days right after surgery. They most often stay in the hospital for 5 to 7 more days after they leave the ICU. Stays in the intensive care unit and the hospital are often shorter for people who have closed-heart surgery.

Detailed explanation-4: -"How can I help?” “What are you feeling right now?” “It’ll be okay.” “I’ll be waiting for you after surgery!” “Can I give you a hug?” “I Love You” 25-Aug-2019

There is 1 question to complete.