CLINICAL MEDICINE

Detailed explanation-1: -They help to digest dietary fiber and polyphenols by a complex metabolic energy-harvesting mechanism, which is based on cross-feeding and co-metabolism. In return, commensal bacteria take advantage of theprotective and nutrient-rich environment of the host [10].

Detailed explanation-2: -Gut bacteria include Lactobacillus, the bacteria commonly used in probiotic foods such as yogurt, and E. coli bacteria. About a third of all bacteria in the gut are members of the Bacteroides species. Bacteroides are key in helping us digest plant food.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gut bacteria have a number of important functions such as breaking down food, manufacturing vitamins and training our immune system.

Detailed explanation-4: -Bacteria in the colon are able to break down complex carbohydrates using enzymes such as polysaccharide lyases to a fermentable form, resulting in the production of large amounts of SCFAs.