CLINICAL MEDICINE

Detailed explanation-1: -They can be spread through skin contact, bodily fluids, airborne particles, contact with feces, and touching a surface touched by an infected person.

Detailed explanation-2: -The mode of transmission can include direct contact, droplets, a vector such as a mosquito, a vehicle such as food, or the airborne route. The susceptible host has multiple portals of entry such as the mouth or a syringe.

Detailed explanation-3: -Pathogens cause illness to their hosts through a variety of ways. The most obvious means is through direct damage of tissues or cells during replication, generally through the production of toxins, which allows the pathogen to reach new tissues or exit the cells inside which it replicated.

Detailed explanation-4: -Infectious diseases commonly spread through the direct transfer of bacteria, viruses or other germs from one person to another. This can happen when an individual with the bacterium or virus touches, kisses, or coughs or sneezes on someone who isn’t infected.

Detailed explanation-5: -Airborne transmission. Airborne transmission occurs when infectious agents are carried by dust suspended in the air. Respiratory (droplet) transmission. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) Animal or insect transmission. Food or water transmission. Health care transmission.