CLINICAL MEDICINE

Detailed explanation-1: -Infectious diseases commonly spread through the direct transfer of bacteria, viruses or other germs from one person to another. This can happen when an individual with the bacterium or virus touches, kisses, or coughs or sneezes on someone who isn’t infected.

Detailed explanation-2: -A fomite refers to inanimate objects that can carry and spread disease and infectious agents. Fomites can also be called passive vectors. There is a huge array of everyday objects that can become fomites if they come into contact with infectious agents such as infectious microbes, viruses, bacteria, and fungi.

Detailed explanation-3: -Some pathogens can survive on objects such as doorknobs, faucets, desks, phones, and money for hours or even days. If you touch an object an infected person has touched, you can pick up the pathogens they have left behind. If you then touch your mouth or eyes before washing your hands, you could get infected.

Detailed explanation-4: -Pathogenic microorganisms usually originate from an infected host (either human or other animal), or directly from the environment. Many human pathogens can only be transmitted by direct or close contact with an infected person or animal.