CLINICAL MEDICINE

Detailed explanation-1: -Microorganisms capable of causing disease-pathogens-usually enter our bodies through the mouth, eyes, nose, or urogenital openings, or through wounds or bites that breach the skin barrier. Organisms can spread-or be transmitted-by several routes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Obligate pathogens are found among bacteria, including the agents of tuberculosis and syphilis, as well as protozoans (such as those causing malaria) and macroparasites. Some obligate pathogens require multiple different hosts to fulfil their life cycle.

Detailed explanation-3: -A pathogen brings disease to its host. Another name for a pathogen is an infectious agent, as they cause infections. As with any organism, pathogens prioritize survival and reproduction. The human body’s immune system acts as a defense against pathogens.

Detailed explanation-4: -Pathogens are microbes that harm their host and cause the particular symptoms we recognise as an infectious disease. Pathogens come from four of the five groups of microbes: viruses, bacteria, fungi and protists.