CLINICAL MEDICINE

Detailed explanation-1: -Tetanus is an infection caused by a bacterium called Clostridium tetani . Spores of tetanus bacteria are everywhere in the environment, including soil, dust, and manure. The spores develop into bacteria when they enter the body. Unlike other vaccine-preventable diseases, tetanus is not spread from person to person.

Detailed explanation-2: -Tetanus is different from other vaccine-preventable diseases because it does not spread from person to person. The bacteria are usually found in soil, dust, and manure and enter the body through breaks in the skin-usually cuts or puncture wounds caused by contaminated objects.

Detailed explanation-3: -Antibiotics (e.g., metronidazole, penicillin) are used to kill the tetanus bacteria, the source of the toxin, but they are too slow-acting to be the only treatment. If there is an open wound where the tetanus bacteria are thriving, then that wound is surgically cleaned to physically remove any tetanus bacteria.

Detailed explanation-4: -There’s no cure for tetanus. A tetanus infection requires emergency and long-term supportive care while the disease runs its course. Treatment consists of wound care, medications to ease symptoms and supportive care, usually in an intensive care unit.

Detailed explanation-5: -Jaw cramping. Sudden, involuntary muscle spasms-often in the stomach. Painful muscle stiffness all over the body. Trouble swallowing. Seizures (jerking or staring) Headache. Fever and sweating. Changes in blood pressure and heart rate.