CLINICAL MEDICINE

MEDICINE

NEPHROLOGY

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
A 9-year-old female patient brought by her mother came to the hospital with complaints of fever since the previous day. History of lower abdominal pain 2 weeks ago. At this time the patient also complained of pain in both hips. Physical examination found knocking costovertebral pain, others within normal limits. The urinalysis lab found leukocytes 40/lpb, erythrocytes 3/lpb. The diagnosis in this patient is?
A
Cystitis
B
Urethritis
C
Ureteritis
D
GNAPS
E
Pyelonephritis
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -A urinary tract infection is a common cause of pain in your bladder or ureters. Kidney infections may cause lower abdominal pain if it radiates from your back. You may also have bladder inflammation or kidney pain from other irritations or diseases.

Detailed explanation-2: -Other causes of lower abdominal pain include ovarian cysts, fibroids, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), pelvic congestion syndrome, urinary tract infections, appendicitis and inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis.

Detailed explanation-3: -Appendicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, and complicated ovarian cyst are common conditions that cause acute lower abdominal pain in childbearing age women [1]. As all common diagnoses of acute lower abdominal pain are emergency conditions, timely diagnosis and management are important.

Detailed explanation-4: -One of the most common causes of lower abdominal pain are infections caused by various viruses or bacteria known as gastroenteritis. “Viral causes are by far the most common and more contagious, but bacterial causes are often more serious in nature, often caused by food or water sources, ‘’ notes Mark D.

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