MEDICINE
NEUROLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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direct damage that occurs before the primary insult
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indirect damage to brain tissue that occurs after the primary insult
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direct damage to brain tissue that occurs after the primary insult
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indirect damage that happens before the primary insult
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Detailed explanation-1: -Secondary injury is an indirect result of the injury. It results from processes initiated by the trauma. It occurs in the hours and days following the primary injury and plays a large role in the brain damage and death that results from TBI.
Detailed explanation-2: -Whereas primary brain injury (focal and diffuse) results from mechanical injury at the time of the trauma, secondary brain injury is caused by the physiologic responses to the initial injury.
Detailed explanation-3: -Secondary brain insults, particularly hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 95 mm Hg) and hypoxia (PaO2 < 60 torr), are the most powerful determinants of outcome from severe head injury (SHI) that are amenable to therapeutic manipulation.
Detailed explanation-4: -Primary injury is induced by mechanical force and occurs at the moment of injury. Secondary injury is not mechanically induced. It may be delayed from the moment of impact, and it may superimpose injury on a brain already affected by a mechanical injury.