CLINICAL MEDICINE

Detailed explanation-1: -D-During the fixer stage of processing, any silver crystals not tightly bound are washed off the film, leaving white or light gray areas. Areas of the film that were heavily exposed result in black or dark gray regions.

Detailed explanation-2: -White Spots: These are also called as fixer spots on the film which is caused due to droplets of fixing solution coming in contact with an exposed film before it is developed.

Detailed explanation-3: -Therefore, if the developing solution was unintentionally spilled or splashed onto the film, those affected areas will appear as dark spots when the image is developed. The fixing solution creates “light” areas on a developed film. Therefore, contamination with the fixer solution will cause white spots.

Detailed explanation-4: -4.1. When the film is completely bent over the lead foil from the back of the film appears on the front of the film and causes whites lines area areas, usually in the corner of the film closest to the roots.

Detailed explanation-5: -Structures that are dense (such as bone) will block most of the x-ray waves, and will appear white. Metal and contrast media (special dye used to highlight areas of the body) will also appear white. Structures containing air will be black, and muscle, fat, and fluid will appear as shades of gray.