CLINICAL MEDICINE

Detailed explanation-1: -On the panoramic radiograph, the zygomatic arch usually appears as a triangular-shaped radiopacity which extends from near the posterior region of the maxillary sinus toward the upper corner of the radiograph.

Detailed explanation-2: -The periodontal membrane appears in a periapical radiograph as a space, or dark radiolucent line, adjacent to the tooth root. Next to the periodontal ligament space there is a thin light or radiopaque line called the lamina dura, which is the radiographic representation of the outer cortex of the alveolar bone.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nasal fossae – The nasal fossae (plural; singular-fossa) are the nasal openings located above the maxillary anterior teeth. The fossae are divided in the midline into right and left chambers.

Detailed explanation-4: -The anatomical landmarks in the maxilla are: Limiting Structures. • Labial frenum • Labial vestibule • Buccal frenum • Buccal vestibule • Hamular notch • Posterior palatal seal area (vibrating line).