DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Plants such as ferns and mosses are called nonflowering plants and produce spores instead of seeds. There is also another group called the Fungi, that include mushrooms, and these also reproduce by spores.

Detailed explanation-2: -Nonflowering plants are divided into two main groups-those that reproduce with dustlike particles called spores and those that use seeds to reproduce. Spore-bearing plants are simple, or primitive, plants, for example mosses and ferns. These plants release thousands of tiny spores, which are spread by wind or water.

Detailed explanation-3: -They reproduce through leaves. These leaves are called sporophylls, which bear spores, that germinate in humid and moist soil to produce new ferns.