DENDROLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -So, the correct answer is ‘Subsidiary cells. ‘

Detailed explanation-2: -They are triggered by sunlight and regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing of stomata by change in turgor pressure. During day time, in the presence of light, the stomatal pore opens by taking in water by the process of osmosis and increases the turgidity of the cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -In response to these signals, the guard cells take in sugars, potassium, and chloride ions (i.e., solutes) through their membranes. An increase in solutes induces an influx of water across the guard cell membrane. As the volume of the guard cells increase, they “inflate” into two kidney-bean-like shapes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Guard cells are another type of plant single-cell models to study early signal transduction and stress tolerance mechanisms in plants. Guard cells are surrounded by stomatal pores and are located in leaf epidermis. Guard cells control influx and efflux of CO2 and water from leaves, respectively.