EDUCATION (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -The Indian theories of causation are traditionally classified by one question. That is: “Does the effect pre-exist in its material cause?” Those who answer this question negatively are called Asatkāryavādins (Nyaya, Vaisesika, Buddhism and some followers of Mimansa).

Detailed explanation-2: -Everything, according to Aristotle, has a basic source of being, and everything tends towards some goal or shape. In Aristotle’s concept of causation, all other becoming sources, whether formal, efficient or material, are subservient to the overarching teleological movement.

Detailed explanation-3: -Though the concept of causation has emerged in Pre-Socratic philosophy, it was probably Plato who first stated the principle of causality: “everything that becomes or changes must do so owing to some cause; for nothing can come to be without a cause” (Timaeus 28a).

Detailed explanation-4: -The Nyaya theory of causation defines a cause as an unconditional and invariable antecedent of an effect. In its emphasis on sequence-an effect does not preexist in its cause-the Nyaya theory is at variance with the Samkhya-Yoga and Vedantist views, but it is not unlike modern Western inductive logic in this respect.