EDUCATION (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -Realism is a school of philosophy with origins in the work of Aristotle. This philosophy emphasizes that “reality, knowledge, and value exist independent of the human mind” (Johnson, 2011, p. 89). Realists argue for the use of the senses and scientific investigation in order to discover truth.

Detailed explanation-2: -Marxists argue that education aims to legitimise and reproduce class inequalities by forming a subservient class and workforce. Education also prepares children of the capitalist ruling class (the bourgeoisie) for positions of power.

Detailed explanation-3: -Aristotle (384 BC–322 BC), the father of realism, was a student of Plato, and adapted his philosophies from that of his teacher. Considering that both men were from the same small community, it is astonishing that both Plato’s and Aristotle’s philosophies of education have endured for thousands of years.

Detailed explanation-4: -Idealism paints the function of education as symbolic while realism paints it as materialistic. An educator from the idealistic approach is autocratic meaning that he or she possesses more knowledge together with pedagogical capacity compared to the students or the pupil (Ozmon & Craver, 2013).