EDUCATION (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -Education by Judgement and Reason-Rousseau emphasized education by judgement and reason rather than by memory. He allowed the freedom for the child to form his own judgement based on his own reasoning.

Detailed explanation-2: -8.4.4 Rousseau’s Contribution to Education He advocated basis of child psychology as the founding step for education of children. This lead to child centered education in the modern period. He was the forerunner of modern educational psychology.

Detailed explanation-3: -Education, Rousseau stipulates, comes from three sources: from nature, from men, and from things. What Rousseau means by ‘education from things’ is fairly intuitive: it is the knowledge that we gain through our interaction with our physical environment.

Detailed explanation-4: -Rousseau argues that a proper education is one that does not include constructs created by humans for the purpose of controlling other humans. A proper education is one that allows Nature to teach humans according to their nature.

Detailed explanation-5: -Rousseau advocates negative education according to which the educator refrains from direct instruction and discipline, and instead capitalizes on children’s natural inclination and capacity for learning through interaction with their environment (Oelkers, 2002) .