EDUCATION (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -656–61)-in 661, Mu’awiya, the governor of Syria under the Rightly Guided Caliphs, seized power and established the Umayyad caliphate, the first Islamic dynasty (661–750).

Detailed explanation-2: -The Umayyads also oversaw a rapid expansion of territory, extending as far west as Spain and as far east as India, allowing both Islam and the Arabic language to spread over a vast area.

Detailed explanation-3: -Sher Shah (1540 A.D. to 1545 A.D.) opened a Madrasah at Naranaul and made provisions for mass education. At that time, these Indian rulers meant the term ‘education’ mainly to Islamic education which included study of Quran, reading, writing and elementary arithmetic.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Umayyads were the first dynasty to take over the institute of Caliphate, transforming it into an inheritable title. They were responsible for bringing centralization and stability to the realm, and they also continued the swift military expansion of the empire.