EDUCATION (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -People differ not only in their ability to do but also in their will to do, or motivation. The motivation of people depends on the strength of their motives. Motives are needs, Page 2 wants, drives, or impulses within the individual. Motives are directed towards goals, which may be conscious or sub-conscious.

Detailed explanation-2: -Motivation describes the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal. In addition to biological motives, motivations can be intrinsic (arising from internal factors) or extrinsic (arising from external factors) (Figure 1).

Detailed explanation-3: -Psychology’s human motives theory distinguishes three fundamental human motives that are assumed to energize and drive behavior: the affiliation, power, and achievement need (McClelland et al., 1989; Schultheiss and Brunstein, 2010).

Detailed explanation-4: -The predominant four functions of behavior are attention, escape, access, and sensory needs. These four functions allow us to understand and categorize someone’s actions, as well as determine why behaviors occur. All actions can be attributed to one of these four functions of behavior.

Detailed explanation-5: -Completing a task for money, recognition/praise, or to avoid punishment are common examples of extrinsically motivated behavior. In these cases, the behavior occurs because of the external rewards, not because of some unseen, unverifiable intrinsic value of the task [1].