EDUCATION (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -Behavioral model. Psychodynamic model.

Detailed explanation-2: -Similar to another treatment for phobias known as systematic desensitization, behavior modeling exposes the phobic patient to the object or situation they fear, however, the confrontation is experienced by another person rather than by the patient.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are two behaviourist therapies used to treat phobias, systematic desensitisation and flooding. Both therapies use the principles of classical conditioning to replace a person’s phobia with a new response – relaxation.

Detailed explanation-4: -A theory devised by evolutionary psychologists holds that a fear of dogs gradually evolved as a survival mechanism many years ago. It would have been useful, in the days when hungry wild predators roamed, to be afraid of dogs and to get out of their way!

Detailed explanation-5: -It has long been assumed that specific phobias are by definition, non-cognitive and irrational. However, current cognitive theory suggests that idiosyncratic cognitions may be primary to the experience of phobic anxiety. In this study, conscious beliefs related to exposure to phobic stimuli were assessed.