EDUCATION (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -Experimental designs, also called randomized experiments, are characterized by two distinguishing features: (i) the conscious manipulation by the researcher of a treatment or, more generically, an independent variable of interest, and (ii) the random assignment of units to treatment and control groups (Fig.

Detailed explanation-2: -Experimental design means planning a set of procedures to investigate a relationship between variables. To design a controlled experiment, you need: A testable hypothesis. At least one independent variable that can be precisely manipulated.

Detailed explanation-3: -Participants in an experimental condition receive some form of treatment or experience whereas those in a control condition do not.

Detailed explanation-4: -In addition, experiments involve highly controlled and systematic procedures in an effort to minimize error and bias which also increases our confidence that the manipulation “caused” the outcome. Another key element of a true experiment is random assignment.

Detailed explanation-5: -When conducting an experiment, a control is an element that remains unchanged or unaffected by other variables. It’s used as a benchmark or a point of comparison against which other test results are measured. Controls are typically used in science experiments, business research, cosmetic testing and medication testing.