EDUCATION (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -Norm-referenced tests report whether test takers performed better or worse than a hypothetical average student, which is determined by comparing scores against the performance results of a statistically selected group of test takers, typically of the same age or grade level, who have already taken the exam.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hence, it is clear that when the performance of a student is compared with another student, it is called norm-referenced testing.

Detailed explanation-3: -Criterion-referenced tests and assessments are designed to measure student performance against a fixed set of predetermined criteria or learning standards-i.e., concise, written descriptions of what students are expected to know and be able to do at a specific stage of their education.

Detailed explanation-4: -Norm-referenced refers to standardized tests that assess competency using norms to interpret and report scores. Rather than using expert judgment to establish performance standards, norm-referenced tests use scores from a representative group of students from across the country.

Detailed explanation-5: -A norm-referenced assessment allows teachers to compare the performance of one student with the average performance of other students who are of the same age or grade.