ENGLISH LITERATURE (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -The group that we call the Book of the Dead developed from spells that were first inscribed on scarabs and coffins at the end of Egypt’s Middle Kingdom period, around 1650 BC. By the New Kingdom, around 1550–1069 BC, scribes started writing Book of the Dead spells on papyrus scrolls.

Detailed explanation-2: -“Book of the Dead” is a modern term to describe a series of ancient Egyptian funerary spells that helped the deceased find their way to the afterlife in order to become united with the god of the dead, Osiris. There are nearly 200 known spells, but they weren’t collected into books in our current sense of the word.

Detailed explanation-3: -It was used not only for the production of books (in roll or scroll form) but also for correspondence and legal documents. Pliny the Elder gave an account of the manufacture of paper from papyrus.

Detailed explanation-4: -In ancient Egypt, texts could be written on papyrus in hieroglyphs, hieratic script, or Demotic script, and later papyrus was used in Greek (09.182. 50), Coptic, Latin, Aramaic, and Arabic documents.