ENGLISH LITERATURE (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -The Shang Dynasty was replaced by the Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE) which began to dissolve in its final years into the phase known as the Warring States Period (c. 481-221 BCE). During this time, the seven states which had been under Zhou control fought each other for supreme rule of the country.

Detailed explanation-2: -Shang dynasty culture practiced a polytheistic religious culture mixed with ancestor worship and veneration. The dynasty predated the the two competing philosophies of the Hundred Schools era, namely that of Confucianism and Taoism. Buddhism would also arrive much later in Chinese history.

Detailed explanation-3: -Shang Contributions to Chinese Civilization. The Shang made many contributions to Chinese civilization, but four in particular define the dynasty: the invention of writing; the development of a stratified government; the advancement of bronze technology; and the use of the chariot and bronze weapons in warfare.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Shang built huge cities with strong social class divisions, expanded earlier irrigation systems, excelled in the use of bronze, and developed a writing system.