ENGLISH LITERATURE (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -Citizens are perceived to be under constant surveillance. Citizens have a fear of the outside world. Citizens live in a dehumanized state. The natural world is banished and distrusted.

Detailed explanation-2: -Dystopia is the opposite of utopia: a state in which the conditions of human life are extremely bad as from deprivation or oppression or terror (or all three). A dystopian society is characterized by human misery in the form of squalor, oppression, disease, overcrowding, environmental destruction, or war.

Detailed explanation-3: -Individual freedom of thought and action are severely restricted or nonexistent; uniformity and conformity are demanded, and individualism is oppressed. Individual humans are dehumanized and reduced to mere resources to be exploited, mere cogs in the great machine of the dystopian society.

Detailed explanation-4: -Dystopia: A futuristic, imagined universe in which oppressive societal control and the illusion of a perfect society are maintained through corporate, bureaucratic, technological, moral, or totalitarian control.

Detailed explanation-5: -That is why in dystopian literature, fear is a powerful tool to drive the main characters to take action which moves the story along or in other cases prevents them from taking important action.