ENGLISH LITERATURE (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -Of these dystopian works, the one which was written earliest is Gulliver’s Travels. Thus the correct option is B.

Detailed explanation-2: -Before Ernest Cline’s “Ready Player One”, George Orwell’s “Ninteen Eighty-Four” and Aldous Huxley’s “Brave New World”, there was Yevgeni Zamyatin’s “We”, the first dystopian novel ever written.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gulliver’s relationship with the Houyhnhnms, and Gulliver’s life after exile from their land, Swift represents the idea of a great utopian society as impossible, which in itself proves this novel to be a dystopian novel. The utopian and dystopian outlook has been clearly conveyed in this novel.

Detailed explanation-4: -Science Fiction has strains that are inherently political, and a good, prototype of the subgenre of dystopian stories is H.G. Well’s The Time Machine, published in 1895.

Detailed explanation-5: -The English philosopher John Stuart Mill coined ‘Dystopia’, meaning ‘bad place’, in 1868 as he was denouncing the government’s Irish land policy. He was inspired by More’s writing on utopia.