ENGLISH LITERATURE (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -On Translating Homer, published in January 1861, was a printed version of the series of public lectures given by Matthew Arnold as Professor of Poetry at Oxford from 3 November 1860 to 18 December 1860.

Detailed explanation-2: -The first translation into English based on Homer’s original Greek was by playwright and poet George Chapman, published in London in 1616. Other notable early translators include Alexander Pope (1725–26), William Morris (1887), and Samuel Butler (1900).

Detailed explanation-3: -In On Translating Homer, Arnold contrasts the “the genuine Homeric mould” against “the form of the Ballad of Lord Bateman” in order to emphasize the contrast between “our old ballads” and “the supreme form of epic poetry” (p.

Detailed explanation-4: -The first translation of Homer into English consisted of the first ten books of the Iliad by Arthur Hall in 1581. Hall did not base his translation on the original Greek but on the French version by Hugues Salel published in 1555.

Detailed explanation-5: -Social criticism Between 1867 and 1869 he wrote Culture and Anarchy, famous for the term he popularised for the middle class of the English Victorian era population: “Philistines", a word which derives its modern cultural meaning (in English – the German-language usage was well established) from him.