ENGLISH LITERATURE (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -The legal reforms implemented under Henry II produced a body of law and custom that formed the basis of the English Common Law. Institutions seen as the foundation for legal administration and procedural due process owe their existence to these assizes and ordinances instituted during the twelfth century.

Detailed explanation-2: -Henry II was king of England from 1154 to 1189. The first of three Angevin kings of England, he expanded the Anglo-French domains and strengthened the royal administration.

Detailed explanation-3: -For most legal historians it is the period when it first becomes possible to recognise the existence of an English ‘Common Law’: both a set of national legal institutions bringing law and justice to the whole of England, and a body of legal rules applicable over the whole or almost the whole of England.

Detailed explanation-4: -He ruled over an empire of lands in France and England and restored royal authority over the barons. He took control of their castles and made them obey royal judges in royal courts rather than running their own law courts with their own laws.

Detailed explanation-5: -The common law system – a system of law based on recorded judicial precedents-came to India with the British East India Company. The company was granted charter by King George I in 1726 to establish “Mayor’s Courts” in Madras, Bombay and Calcutta (now Chennai, Mumbai and Kolkata respectively).