ENGLISH LITERATURE (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -The Commonwealth was the political structure during the period from 1649 to 1660 when England and Wales, later along with Ireland and Scotland, were governed as a republic after the end of the Second English Civil War and the trial and execution of Charles I.

Detailed explanation-2: -Cromwell’s convincing military successes at Drogheda in Ireland (1649), Dunbar in Scotland (1650) and Worcester in England (1651) forced Charles I’s son, Charles, into foreign exile despite being accepted and crowned King in Scotland.

Detailed explanation-3: -1649-1660 Commonwealth Period (or Puritan Interregum) The Commonwealth Period, also known as the Puritan Interregum, extends from the end of the Civil War and the execution of Charles I in 1649 to the restoration of the Stuart monarchy under Charles II in 1660.

Detailed explanation-4: -The interregnum in the British Isles began with the execution of Charles I in January 1649 (and from September 1651 in Scotland) and ended in May 1660 when his son Charles II was restored to the thrones of the three realms, although he had been already acclaimed king in Scotland since 1649.

Detailed explanation-5: -England was declared a republican “Commonwealth and Free State” in May 1649. During the early 1650s, attempts were made to incorporate Scotland and Ireland into the Commonwealth with England so that the three nations were ruled by a central government for the first time in British history.