ENGLISH LITERATURE (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -Greek physician Hippocrates (ca. 460 BCE–370 BCE) is often credited with developing the theory of the four humors-blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm-and their influence on the body and its emotions.

Detailed explanation-2: -Black bile was considered cold and dry, and thus related to autumn. Phlegm, cold and wet, was related to winter. Galen also believed that the characteristics of the soul follow the mixtures of the body, but he did not apply this idea to the Hippocratic humors. He believed that phlegm did not influence character.

Detailed explanation-3: -Sanguine Indicates the personality of an individual with the temperament of blood (which was believed to be produced in the liver), the season of spring (wet and hot), and the element of air.

Detailed explanation-4: -As evident in the diagram above, blood was hot and wet like air; phlegm was cold and wet like water; yellow bile was hot and dry like fire; and black bile was cold and dry like earth.