ENGLISH LITERATURE (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -The Gaels gave Scotland its name from ‘Scoti’, a racially derogatory term used by the Romans to describe the Gaelic-speaking ‘pirates’ who raided Britannia in the 3rd and 4th centuries. They called themselves ‘Goidi l’, modernised today as Gaels, and later called Scotland ‘Alba’.

Detailed explanation-2: -"Scotland is not a region, but a member nation of the United Kingdom.” “as a nation, [the Scots] have an undoubted right to national self-determination; thus far they have exercised that right by joining and remaining in the Union.

Detailed explanation-3: -Scotland has been populated for 12, 000 years, and has a rich and complex history. In 43 AD the Romans successfully invaded Britain and fought frequently with the native Scots, called the Caledonians. From the 1200s to the 1300s the Scottish clan system became firmly established in the Highlands.

Detailed explanation-4: -Towards the end of the 8th century, the Viking invasions began, forcing the Picts and Gaels to cease their historic hostility to each other and to unite in the 9th century, forming the Kingdom of Scotland.