ENGLISH LITERATURE (CBSE/UGC NET)

Detailed explanation-1: -The eraser is said to be invented by an English engineer Edward Naime in 1770. It is said that he used a piece of rubber (the substance) accidently, instead of the piece of bread and discovered its properties.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hymen Lipman of Philadelphia patented the first combination pencil and eraser. Eventually this patent was overturned. On March 30, 1858, Hymen Lipman was granted a patent for creating the first wood-cased pencil with an attached rubber eraser, revolutionizing classrooms and art studios alike.

Detailed explanation-3: -By Goodyear’s own recounting, in 1839, he accidentally dropped a piece of sulfur-coated rubber he was holding onto the surface of a hot stove, where it charred like leather. The high temperature and short exposure to the heat changed the properties of not just the surface of the treated rubber, but the entire sample.

Detailed explanation-4: -In its simplest form, vulcanization is brought about by heating rubber with sulfur. The process was discovered in 1839 by the U.S. inventor Charles Goodyear, who also noted the important function of certain additional substances in the process.