EVERYDAY SCIENCE

Detailed explanation-1: -Distillation is a process of heating a liquid to form the vapour, and then cooling the vapour to get back liquid. Both solids and liquids in the pure form can be separated by simple distillation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Evaporation is a technique used to separate out homogeneous mixtures that contain one or more dissolved salts. The method drives off the liquid components from the solid components. The process typically involves heating the mixture until no more liquid remains.

Detailed explanation-3: -Distillation is used to separate liquids from nonvolatile solids, as in the separation of alcoholic liquors from fermented materials, or in the separation of two or more liquids having different boiling points, as in the separation of gasoline, kerosene, and lubricating oil from crude oil.

Detailed explanation-4: -Two miscible liquids can be separated by the process of distillation. Distillation is used for liquids with a difference in boiling point of 20∘−30∘C. In this process, the mixture is heated in a distillation flask.

Detailed explanation-5: -Filteration: The process of separating suspended solid matter from a liquid, by causing the latter to pass through the pores of a filter is called filtration. Separation by Sedimentation and Decantation: The process of settling down heavy insoluble particles in a mixture of water is called sedimentation.