GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Most of the farming activities are responsible for water pollution due to excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, which ultimately leaches in groundwater and drains into surface water bodies-the change in Physico-chemical properties of water due to agricultural activities detriment the aquatic ecosystem.

Detailed explanation-2: -The toxic substance may runoff into streams, rivers or water bodies and results in water pollution. It is indicated in researches that irrelevant use of fertilizers pollute the water through leaching of nitrate from pesticides and nitrogenous fertilizers. It may also cause death of aquatic animals [6].

Detailed explanation-3: -Fertilizers are made of nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus. When it rains, these nutrients are carried by storm-water into the nearest stream, river, or other water body. Too many nutrients in water can cause algae to grow, which uses up the oxygen in the water.

Detailed explanation-4: -Fertilizers boost crop yields, but their excessive usage has hardened the soil, reduced fertility, strengthened insecticides, polluted air and water, and emitted greenhouse gases, creating health and environmental risks.

Detailed explanation-5: -High application rates of nitrogen-containing fertilizers combined with the high water-solubility of nitrate leads to increased runoff into surface water as well as leaching into groundwater, thereby causing groundwater pollution.