GENERAL GEOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -1.1 Hydraulic Fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing is a common technique for productivity enhancement in conventional oil and gas reservoirs by inducing high-conductivity fractures from reservoir to wellbore. Hydraulic fracturing was applied successfully for the first time in the Hugoton gas field in 1947 [68].

Detailed explanation-2: -Put simply, hydraulic fracturing is the process of injecting liquid and materials at high pressure to create small fractures within tight shale formations to stimulate the production and safely extract energy from an underground well after the drilling has ended and the rig and derrick are removed from the site.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, is a drilling method used to extract petroleum (oil) or natural gas from deep in the Earth. In the fracking process, cracks in and below the Earth’s surface are opened and widened by injecting water, chemicals, and sand at high pressure.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hydraulic fracturing – commonly known as fracking – is the process used to extract shale gas. Deep holes are drilled down into the shale rock, followed by horizontal drilling to access more of the gas, as shale reserves are typically distributed horizontally rather than vertically.

Detailed explanation-5: -What Is Fracking? Modern high-volume hydraulic fracturing is a technique used to enable the extraction of natural gas or oil from shale and other forms of “tight” rock (in other words, impermeable rock formations that lock in oil and gas and make fossil fuel production difficult).